diff --git a/src/core/id.rs b/src/core/id.rs
index f2a78ed..4a8be5d 100644
--- a/src/core/id.rs
+++ b/src/core/id.rs
@@ -32,33 +32,33 @@ impl fmt::Display for MizeId {
     }
 }
 
-pub trait IntoMizeId<S: Store> {
-    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance<S>) -> MizeId;
+pub trait IntoMizeId {
+    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance) -> MizeId;
 }
 
-impl<S: Store> IntoMizeId<S> for &str {
-    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance<S>) -> MizeId {
+impl IntoMizeId for &str {
+    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance) -> MizeId {
         instance.id_from_string(self.to_owned())
     }
 }
 
-impl<S: Store> IntoMizeId<S> for String {
-    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance<S>) -> MizeId {
+impl IntoMizeId for String {
+    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance) -> MizeId {
         instance.id_from_string(self)
     }
 }
-impl<S: Store> IntoMizeId<S> for &String {
-    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance<S>) -> MizeId {
+impl IntoMizeId for &String {
+    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance) -> MizeId {
         instance.id_from_string(self.to_owned())
     }
 }
-impl<S: Store> IntoMizeId<S> for Vec<String> {
-    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance<S>) -> MizeId {
+impl IntoMizeId for Vec<String> {
+    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance) -> MizeId {
         instance.id_from_vec_string(self)
     }
 }
-impl<S: Store> IntoMizeId<S> for &[&str] {
-    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance<S>) -> MizeId {
+impl IntoMizeId for &[&str] {
+    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance) -> MizeId {
         let mut vec: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
         for i in self {
             vec.push((*i).to_owned())
@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ impl<S: Store> IntoMizeId<S> for &[&str] {
         instance.id_from_vec_string(vec)
     }
 }
-impl<S: Store> IntoMizeId<S> for Vec<&str> {
-    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance<S>) -> MizeId {
+impl IntoMizeId for Vec<&str> {
+    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance) -> MizeId {
         let mut vec: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
         for i in self {
             vec.push((*i).to_owned())
@@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ impl<S: Store> IntoMizeId<S> for Vec<&str> {
         instance.id_from_vec_string(vec)
     }
 }
-impl<S: Store> IntoMizeId<S> for MizeId {
-    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance<S>) -> MizeId {
+impl IntoMizeId for MizeId {
+    fn to_mize_id(self, instance: &Instance) -> MizeId {
         self
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/core/instance/mod.rs b/src/core/instance/mod.rs
index a248743..9a85c96 100644
--- a/src/core/instance/mod.rs
+++ b/src/core/instance/mod.rs
@@ -25,12 +25,11 @@ pub mod subscription;
 static MSG_CHANNEL_SIZE: usize = 200;
 
 /// The Instance type is the heart of the mize system
-#[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct Instance<S: Store> {
+pub struct Instance {
     // question vec of stores???
     // would mean replication logic and such things is handeled by the instance
     // i think it would be better thogh to then implement a ReplicatedStore
-    pub store: S,
+    pub store: Box<dyn Store>,
     peers: Arc<Mutex<Vec<Box<dyn Connection>>>>,
     subs: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<MizeId, Subscription>>>,
     pub id_pool: VecStringPool,
@@ -45,16 +44,16 @@ pub enum RealmId {
 }
 */
 
-impl Instance<MemStore> {
-    pub fn empty() -> Instance<MemStore> {
+impl Instance {
+    pub fn empty() -> Instance {
         let store = MemStore::new();
         let id_pool = VecStringPool::default();
         let peers = Arc::new(Mutex::new(Vec::new()));
         let subs = Arc::new(Mutex::new(HashMap::new()));
-        let mut instance = Instance {store, peers, subs, id_pool };
+        let mut instance = Instance { store: Box::new(store), peers, subs, id_pool };
         return instance;
     }
-    pub fn new() -> MizeResult<Instance<MemStore>> {
+    pub fn new() -> MizeResult<Instance> {
         trace!("[ {} ] Instance::new()", "CALL".yellow());
 
         let mut instance = Instance::empty();
@@ -78,7 +77,7 @@ impl Instance<MemStore> {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    pub fn with_config(config: ItemData) -> MizeResult<Instance<MemStore>> {
+    pub fn with_config(config: ItemData) -> MizeResult<Instance> {
         trace!("[ {} ] Instance::with_config()", "CALL".yellow());
         trace!("config: {}", config);
         let mut instance = Instance::empty();
@@ -94,20 +93,35 @@ impl Instance<MemStore> {
 
         Ok(instance)
     }
+
+    pub fn migrate_to_store(&mut self, new_store: Box<dyn Store>) -> MizeResult<()> {
+        let old_store = &self.store;
+
+        for id in old_store.id_iter()? {
+            let data = self.store.get_value_data_full(self.id_from_string(id?))?;
+
+            let id_of_new_store = new_store.new_id()?;
+            new_store.set(self.id_from_string(id_of_new_store), data.to_owned())?;
+        };
+
+        self.store = new_store;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }
 
-impl<S: Store> Instance<S> {
-    pub fn new_item(&self) -> MizeResult<Item<S>> {
+impl Instance {
+    pub fn new_item(&self) -> MizeResult<Item> {
         let id = self.id_from_string(self.store.new_id()?);
         return Ok(Item::new(id, &self));
     }
 
-    pub fn get<I: IntoMizeId<S>>(&self, id: I) -> MizeResult<Item<S>> {
+    pub fn get<I: IntoMizeId>(&self, id: I) -> MizeResult<Item> {
         let id = id.to_mize_id(self);
         return Ok(Item::new(id, &self));
     }
 
-    pub fn set<I: IntoMizeId<S>, V: Into<ItemData>>(&mut self, id: I, value: V) -> MizeResult<()> {
+    pub fn set<I: IntoMizeId, V: Into<ItemData>>(&mut self, id: I, value: V) -> MizeResult<()> {
         let id = id.to_mize_id(self);
         let item_data = value.into();
         let mut item = self.get(id.clone())?;
@@ -115,7 +129,7 @@ impl<S: Store> Instance<S> {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    pub fn new_id<T: IntoMizeId<S>>(&self, value: T) -> MizeId {
+    pub fn new_id<T: IntoMizeId>(&self, value: T) -> MizeId {
         value.to_mize_id(self)
     }
 
@@ -130,22 +144,9 @@ impl<S: Store> Instance<S> {
     //fn from(value: T) -> Self {
     //}
 //}
-    pub fn migrate_to_store<New: Store>(&mut self, new_store: New) -> MizeResult<Instance<New>> {
-        let old_store = self.store;
-
-        for id in old_store.id_iter()? {
-            let data = self.store.get_value_data_full(self.id_from_string(id))?;
-
-            let id_of_new_store = new_store.new_id()?;
-            new_store.set(self.id_from_string(id_of_new_store), data.to_owned())?;
-        };
-
-        self.store = new_store as S;
-        Ok(Instance { store: new_store, subs: self.subs, peers: self.peers, id_pool: self.id_pool })
-    }
 }
 
-impl<S: Store> fmt::Debug for Instance<S> {
+impl fmt::Debug for Instance {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         write!(f, "Mize Instance with subs: {:?}", self.subs,)
     }
diff --git a/src/core/instance/store.rs b/src/core/instance/store.rs
index ef4d440..bd816cc 100644
--- a/src/core/instance/store.rs
+++ b/src/core/instance/store.rs
@@ -15,14 +15,14 @@ pub trait Store {
     // is implemented, so that there can be a multithreaded implementation
     //fn get(self, id: MizeId) -> MizeResult<Item<Self>> where Self: Sized;
 
-    fn set<T: Into<ItemData>>(&self, id: MizeId, data: T) -> MizeResult<()>;
+    fn set(&self, id: MizeId, data: ItemData) -> MizeResult<()>;
 
     // in the future should implement transactions, ....
 
     // funcs to do with links, backlinks
-    fn get_links(&self, item: Item<Self>) -> MizeResult<Vec<MizeId>> where Self: Sized;
+    fn get_links(&self, item: Item) -> MizeResult<Vec<MizeId>>;
 
-    fn get_backlinks(&self, item: Item<Self>) -> MizeResult<Vec<MizeId>> where Self: Sized;
+    fn get_backlinks(&self, item: Item) -> MizeResult<Vec<MizeId>>;
 
     fn new_id(&self) -> MizeResult<String>;
 
@@ -30,6 +30,40 @@ pub trait Store {
 
     fn get_value_data_full(&self, id: MizeId) -> MizeResult<ItemData>;
 
-    fn id_iter(&self) -> MizeResult<impl Iterator<Item=String> + '_>;
+    fn id_iter(&self) -> MizeResult<IdIter>;
+
+    fn next_id(&self, prev_id: &str) -> MizeResult<Option<String>>;
+
+    fn first_id(&self) -> MizeResult<String>;
+}
+
+pub struct IdIter {
+    cur_id: String,
+    store: Box<dyn Store>,
+}
+
+impl IdIter {
+    pub fn new(store: Box<dyn Store>) -> MizeResult<IdIter> {
+        Ok(IdIter { cur_id: store.first_id()?, store })
+    }
+}
+
+impl Iterator for IdIter {
+    type Item = MizeResult<String>;
+
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+        match self.store.next_id(&self.cur_id) {
+            Err(err) => {
+                Some(Err(err))
+            },
+            Ok(Some(new_id)) => {
+                self.cur_id = new_id.clone();
+                Some(Ok(new_id))
+            },
+            Ok(None) => {
+                None
+            },
+        }
+    }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/core/item.rs b/src/core/item.rs
index e7aacdd..f875ce1 100644
--- a/src/core/item.rs
+++ b/src/core/item.rs
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ use ciborium::Value as CborValue;
 
 // a item always has to do with a Instance, which takes care of how it is updated
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct Item<'a, S: Store + Sized> {
+pub struct Item<'a> {
     id: MizeId,
-    pub instance: &'a Instance<S>
+    pub instance: &'a Instance
 }
 
 // without an Instance it is not an item, but only the "data of an item"
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@ pub struct Item<'a, S: Store + Sized> {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct ItemData ( pub CborValue );
 
-impl<S: Store> Item<'_, S> {
+impl Item<'_> {
     pub fn id(&self) -> MizeId {
         self.id.clone()
     }
 
-    pub fn new(id: MizeId, instance: &Instance<S>) -> Item<S> {
+    pub fn new(id: MizeId, instance: &Instance) -> Item {
         Item { id, instance }
     }
 
@@ -41,14 +41,17 @@ impl<S: Store> Item<'_, S> {
         // this will call from the instance which gets the value from the store
         self.instance.store.get_value_raw(self.id())
     }
+
     pub fn value_string(&self) -> MizeResult<String> {
         let raw = self.value_raw()?;
         String::from_utf8(raw.clone())
             .mize_result_msg(format!("failed to convert raw value from item '{}' into a utf-8 string. raw value was: '{:02X?}'", self.id(), raw))
     }
+
     pub fn as_data_full(&self) -> MizeResult<ItemData> {
         self.instance.store.get_value_data_full(self.id())
     }
+
     pub fn merge<V: Into<ItemData>>(&mut self, mut value: V) -> MizeResult<()> {
         let mut old_data = self.instance.store.get_value_data_full(self.id())?;
 
@@ -61,7 +64,7 @@ impl<S: Store> Item<'_, S> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<S: Store> Display for Item<'_, S> {
+impl<'a> Display for Item<'a> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         let item_data = self.as_data_full().map_err(|_| std::fmt::Error)?;
         write!(f, "{}", item_data);
diff --git a/src/core/memstore.rs b/src/core/memstore.rs
index a631918..099450a 100644
--- a/src/core/memstore.rs
+++ b/src/core/memstore.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use log::trace;
 use colored::Colorize;
 
 use crate::id::MizeId;
-use crate::instance::store::Store;
+use crate::instance::store::{Store, IdIter};
 use crate::error::{MizeError, MizeResult, IntoMizeResult};
 use crate::item::{Item, ItemData};
 use crate::instance::Instance;
@@ -26,18 +26,18 @@ struct MemStoreInner {
 }
 
 impl Store for MemStore {
-    fn set<T: Into<ItemData>>(&self, id: MizeId, data: T) -> MizeResult<()> {
+    fn set(&self, id: MizeId, data: ItemData) -> MizeResult<()> {
         let mut inner = self.inner.lock()?;
 
-        inner.map.insert(id_to_u64(id)?, data.into());
+        inner.map.insert(id_to_u64(id)?, data);
         return Ok(())
     }
-    fn get_links(&self, item: Item<Self>) -> MizeResult<Vec<MizeId>> {
+    fn get_links(&self, item: Item) -> MizeResult<Vec<MizeId>> {
         let inner = self.inner.lock()?;
 
         Ok(Vec::new())
     }
-    fn get_backlinks(&self, item: Item<Self>) -> MizeResult<Vec<MizeId>> {
+    fn get_backlinks(&self, item: Item) -> MizeResult<Vec<MizeId>> {
         let inner = self.inner.lock()?;
 
         Ok(Vec::new())
@@ -80,11 +80,36 @@ impl Store for MemStore {
 
         return Ok(ret_data);
     }
-    fn id_iter(&self) -> MizeResult<impl Iterator<Item=String> + '_> {
+    fn id_iter(&self) -> MizeResult<IdIter> {
+
+        IdIter::new(Box::new(self.to_owned()))
+    }
+
+    fn next_id(&self, prev_id_str: &str) -> MizeResult<Option<String>> {
         let inner = self.inner.lock()?;
 
-        let keys: Vec<String> = inner.map.keys().map(|v| format!("{}", v)).collect();
-        return Ok(keys.into_iter());
+        let mut id = str_to_u64(prev_id_str)?;
+
+        loop {
+
+            id += 1;
+
+            if id > inner.next_id {
+                return Ok(None);
+            }
+
+            if inner.map.contains_key(&id) {
+                return Ok(Some(format!("{}", id)));
+
+            } else {
+                // try id +1
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn first_id(&self) -> MizeResult<String> {
+        Ok("0".to_owned())
     }
 }
 
@@ -96,9 +121,12 @@ impl MemStore {
 }
 
 fn id_to_u64(id: MizeId) -> MizeResult<u64> {
-    id.store_part()
-        .parse()
-        .mize_result_msg(format!("Could not parse the store_part of mizeid {} into a u64 for the MemStore", id))
+    str_to_u64(id.store_part())
+}
+
+fn str_to_u64(id_str: &str) -> MizeResult<u64> {
+    id_str.parse()
+        .mize_result_msg(format!("Could not parse the store_part of mizeid {} into a u64 for the MemStore", id_str))
 }
 
 pub fn get_raw_from_cbor<'a>(value: &'a CborValue, path: Vec<&String>) -> MizeResult<&'a [u8]> {
diff --git a/src/platform/os/fsstore.rs b/src/platform/os/fsstore.rs
index 9ccc189..77b7127 100644
--- a/src/platform/os/fsstore.rs
+++ b/src/platform/os/fsstore.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ use sysinfo::{System, Pid, ProcessRefreshKind, RefreshKind};
 use std::io::Write;
 use ciborium::Value as CborValue;
 
+use crate::instance::store::IdIter;
 use crate::item::IntoItemData;
 use crate::memstore::MemStore;
 use crate::{core::instance::store::Store, mize_err};
@@ -57,17 +58,17 @@ impl Store for FileStore {
         return Ok(id_string);
     }
 
-    fn set<T: Into<ItemData>>(&self, id: MizeId, data: T) -> MizeResult<()> {
+    fn set(&self, id: MizeId, data: ItemData) -> MizeResult<()> {
         let file = OpenOptions::new().write(true).create(true).open(self.path.join("store").join(id.store_part()))?;
-        ciborium::into_writer(data.into().cbor(), file)?;
+        ciborium::into_writer(data.cbor(), file)?;
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    fn get_links(&self, item: Item<Self>) -> MizeResult<Vec<MizeId>> {
+    fn get_links(&self, item: Item) -> MizeResult<Vec<MizeId>> {
         Ok(Vec::new())
     }
 
-    fn get_backlinks(&self, item: Item<Self>) -> MizeResult<Vec<MizeId>> {
+    fn get_backlinks(&self, item: Item) -> MizeResult<Vec<MizeId>> {
         Ok(Vec::new())
     }
 
@@ -100,8 +101,14 @@ impl Store for FileStore {
 
         return Ok(ret_data);
     }
-    fn id_iter(&self) -> MizeResult<impl Iterator<Item=String> + '_> {
-        Ok(vec!["1".to_owned(), "2".to_owned()].into_iter())
+    fn id_iter(&self) -> MizeResult<IdIter> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+    fn next_id(&self, prev_id: &str) -> MizeResult<Option<String>> {
+        todo!()
+    }
+    fn first_id(&self) -> MizeResult<String> {
+        Ok("0".to_owned())
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/platform/os/mod.rs b/src/platform/os/mod.rs
index 36d9ef3..27ee21a 100644
--- a/src/platform/os/mod.rs
+++ b/src/platform/os/mod.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ mod fsstore;
 //mod unix-socket;
 
 
-pub fn os_instance_init<S: Store>(instance: Instance<MemStore>) -> MizeResult<Instance<FileStore>> {
+pub fn os_instance_init(instance: &mut Instance) -> MizeResult<()> {
     // this is the code, that runs to initialize an Instance on a system with an os present.
 
     ////// load MIZE_CONFIG_FILE as the instance, which is item 0
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ pub fn os_instance_init<S: Store>(instance: Instance<MemStore>) -> MizeResult<In
 
     if store_path != "" {
         let file_store = FileStore::new(store_path)?;
-        let new_instance = &mut instance.migrate_to_store(file_store)?;
-        return Ok(new_instance);
+        let new_instance = &mut instance.migrate_to_store(Box::new(file_store))?;
+        return Ok(());
     }
 
     return Ok(());